Command & Control: Let’s talk about power

Command and control isn’t just a mindset and a style of management (though it is both those things). What we don’t often talk about is the power that rests with people in management roles.

Traditional managers have power, and that power comes from different sources. Part of what rankles people in traditional organizations is the way managers wield power. I’m not suggesting throwing out all managers or eliminating all controls–controls help ensure a system is functioning within appropriate boundaries. That’s the case whether we are looking at the financial system, training system, administrative system or any other system in the organization. But controls are different from keeping people in line through positional power–which is the essence of Tayloristic management.

The notion that managers must keep people in line assumes that those people are neither responsible nor intelligent–that left to their own devices, they will make irresponsible and stupid mistakes. In many organizations, managers say they want people and teams to be responsible and accountable, then treat them like children. Let me give a concrete example. One manager I know exhorted people to take responsibility for their professional development. Then when a developer asked to attend training, the manager grilled him on the nature of the training. After the grilling, the manager asked the developer to produce documentation. Finally, the manager rejected the developer’s request because the no one “responsible” in the company had vetted the training. This is an extreme example, but one that makes the point. When managers tell people to take responsibility, then force them to ask for approval, they are sending a mixed message. You can guess which part of the message people believe. They hear, “you are not capable of making a wise decision, I must exert my authority to prevent you from doing something irresponsible or stupid.”

One way to dis-aggregate power is to delegate some power to teams. For example, you could delegate authority for a portion of a training budget to a team. Establish guidelines, (e.g., training must be relevant to current or future projects, or must increase capacity in some other relevant way). Then let team members assess what training they need to improve their capability. Guidelines act as controls, within which the team has autonomy. Both are necessary. The team exists within the context of the organization. Managers do have a fiduciary responsibility. But managers don’t have to force other adults to come as supplicants to fulfill that responsibility. Other areas that are easy to delegate are tools used within the team, books and periodicals, and conferences.

People in management roles can share hiring decisions with the teams who will work with the new person. Rather than have individual managers make decisions about promotions, have a panel. Place professional and career development with mentors, instead of with the manager who evaluates or supports the team.

When power isn’t concentrated with a group of people (managers), there are many more possibilities for creativity, partnership, and empowering leadership.

(This is an excerpt from an interview in Lean Magazine, published by Softhouse.se)

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12 Comments

  1. Jamie

    Do you assume here that the manager who sends mixed messages is incompetent and that, given the skills, would dis-aggregate their power?

    Isn’t the problem that people hold onto their position power not because they think it’s useful but because it affords them, well, great power. What do you male of this? Isn’t it more constructive to think about how we can destroy power structures like the one from your example?

    Thanks, Jamie.

    Reply
    • Esther Derby

      I assume that most people in management roles send mixed messages or hold on to power because they haven’t really thought about the impact of the theory of management and their management practices.

      Reply
  2. Jamie

    If they stop to think, do they relinquish that power?

    Reply
    • Esther Derby

      I suspect it depends on their beliefs about people and organizations. If the person believes people are lazy or irresponsible, they probably won’t. If they believe people are capable, responsible, creative, and can imagine something other than hierarchical bureaucracy they might.

      Reply
  3. Bob Marshall

    Nice post.

    Jack Stack’s “The Great Game of Business” (book, recommended) has lots of real-world stories about managers that discover (by various means) how much better off everyone can be (including themselves) when they relinquish their morbid grip on power.

    See also Art Kleiner’s Core Group theory (congruent, imo).

    – Bob

    Reply
    • Esther Derby

      Thanks for the book recommendation, Bob.

      Reply
  4. Paul Boos

    This is a great post!

    I’ve been thinking of facilitating Jurgen Appelo’s Meddlers game to allow managers to better visualize appropriate delegation levels. Seems constructing the roles and collectively organizing folks would help everyone in better understanding the right levels of accountability and responsibility. If you’ve read over his game/exercise, I’d be curious of your thoughts.

    Cheers,
    Paul

    Reply
  5. Jeff

    Interesting post.

    It’s become a hot topic of debate right now whether or not we really need managers at all. See HBR “First, Let’s Fire All the Managers” http://bit.ly/vb8kaD But would we, in fact, be better off relying (entirely) on self-organizing teams instead?

    Personally, I believe that it’s still possible for managers to play an important and positive role in many organizations. The real problem is that most managers have no idea what great managers do and, even if they did, lack the ability, incentives, or confidence to act that way themselves.

    I wish I knew how to solve this problem on a large scale, but I feel that change is more likely to happen one (potential) manager at a time. Great managers teach and inspire others (through their actions) to do the same.

    Unfortunately, most organizations aren’t even capable of recognizing (and rewarding) their best managers. More often than not, doing the right thing (for both employees and the organization) has to be its own reward. This isn’t necessarily a bad form of motivation, but I think it has a lot to do with the general scarcity of talented managers in major corporations.

    Reply
  6. Madhu

    Seems to me, all this leads back to the common and destructive practice of promoting the best engineer to become a bad manager.

    Reply
    • Esther Derby

      That is only a small part of the problem. It isn’t so much the fault of individual managers (tho clearly there are manager who do not have the skills to do the job) as it is the /system of management/ that they work in. Current mgmt practices are based on a set of assumptions and beliefs. Those are seldom examined…and that is our task if we want to change our organizations.

      Reply
  7. Ashish Gupta

    Scrum is a good example of Agile Command and Control management framework but without most of the negatives which got associated with command and control through its misuse.

    Reply
    • Esther Derby

      I suspect that the people who developed the scrum framework would not agree with your characterization.

      What have you seen and heard, that leads you to believe that Scrum is “command and control”? What does “Agile Command and Control” mean to you?

      e

      Reply

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button_bg_horizontal_offset0
button_bg_vertical_offset0
button_bg_repeatno-repeat
button_bg_blendnormal
button_bg_enable_video_mp4on
button_bg_enable_video_webmon
button_bg_allow_player_pauseoff
button_bg_video_pause_outside_viewporton
button_use_iconon
button_icon_placementright
button_on_hoveron
custom_loop_template_buttonoff
loop_template_button_text_size20
loop_template_button_bg_use_color_gradientoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_repeatoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_typelinear
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_direction180deg
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_direction_radialcenter
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_stops#2b87da 0%|#29c4a9 100%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_unit%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_overlays_imageoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_start#2b87da
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_start_position0%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_end#29c4a9
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_end_position100%
loop_template_button_bg_enable_imageon
loop_template_button_bg_parallaxoff
loop_template_button_bg_parallax_methodon
loop_template_button_bg_sizecover
loop_template_button_bg_image_widthauto
loop_template_button_bg_image_heightauto
loop_template_button_bg_positioncenter
loop_template_button_bg_horizontal_offset0
loop_template_button_bg_vertical_offset0
loop_template_button_bg_repeatno-repeat
loop_template_button_bg_blendnormal
loop_template_button_bg_enable_video_mp4on
loop_template_button_bg_enable_video_webmon
loop_template_button_bg_allow_player_pauseoff
loop_template_button_bg_video_pause_outside_viewporton
loop_template_button_use_iconon
loop_template_button_icon_placementright
loop_template_button_on_hoveron
positioningnone
position_origin_atop_left
position_origin_ftop_left
position_origin_rtop_left
widthauto
max_widthnone
min_heightauto
heightauto
max_heightnone
filter_hue_rotate0deg
filter_saturate100%
filter_brightness100%
filter_contrast100%
filter_invert0%
filter_sepia0%
filter_opacity100%
filter_blur0px
mix_blend_modenormal
animation_stylenone
animation_directioncenter
animation_duration1000ms
animation_delay0ms
animation_intensity_slide50%
animation_intensity_zoom50%
animation_intensity_flip50%
animation_intensity_fold50%
animation_intensity_roll50%
animation_starting_opacity0%
animation_speed_curveease-in-out
animation_repeatonce
hover_transition_duration300ms
hover_transition_delay0ms
hover_transition_speed_curveease
link_option_url_new_windowoff
sticky_positionnone
sticky_offset_top0px
sticky_offset_bottom0px
sticky_limit_topnone
sticky_limit_bottomnone
sticky_offset_surroundingon
sticky_transitionon
motion_trigger_startmiddle
hover_enabled0
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_stylenone
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
title_text_shadow_stylenone
title_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
title_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
title_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
title_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
excerpt_text_shadow_stylenone
excerpt_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
excerpt_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
excerpt_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
excerpt_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_a_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_a_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
pagination_font_text_shadow_stylenone
pagination_font_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
active_pagination_text_shadow_stylenone
active_pagination_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
button_text_shadow_stylenone
button_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
button_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
button_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
button_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_button_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_button_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
box_shadow_stylenone
box_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_positionouter
box_shadow_style_productnone
box_shadow_color_productrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_productouter
box_shadow_style_grid_list_view_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_grid_list_view_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_grid_list_view_buttonouter
box_shadow_style_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_buttonouter
box_shadow_style_loop_template_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_loop_template_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_loop_template_buttonouter
text_shadow_stylenone
text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
text_shadow_vertical_length0em
text_shadow_blur_strength0em
text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
disabledoff
lockedoff
global_colors_info{}
0.068006992340088 seconds

Args

post_type
0post
post_statuspublish
posts_per_page4
meta_query
relationAND
0Array ( )
cat
010
post__not_in
02284
orderby
dateDESC
relevanssitrue

Module Settings

post_type_choosepost
loop_stylecustom_loop_layout
shortcode_name[de_loop_template_shortcode]
loop_templatesdivi-blog
custom_loop_templatenone
loop_layout9602
filter_update_animationload-6
no_posts_layoutnone
no_posts_layout_text
is_main_loopoff
include_current_termsoff
groupping_post_objectoff
groupping_taxonomynone
show_empty_onloadoff
post_statuspublish
show_current_postoff
posts_number4
post_offset0
post_display_typerelated
saved_typewishlist
acf_linked_acfnone
related_contentcategories
related_acf_fieldnone
related_content_categoriesdefault
is_category_loopoff
disable_sticky_postsoff
specific_post_objectsoff
related_content_tagsdefault
tax_name_relatednone
acf_name_relatednone
custom_tax_choosepost
acf_namenone
include_sticky_postson
include_sticky_posts_onlyoff
onload_tax_choosepost
sort_orderdate
acf_sort_fieldnone
acf_sort_typestring
acf_date_picker_fieldnone
acf_date_picker_methoddefault
acf_date_picker_custom_day30
order_asc_descDESC
sec_acf_sort_fieldnone
sec_acf_sort_typestring
sec_acf_date_picker_fieldnone
sec_order_asc_descASC
enable_loadmoreoff
pagination_positionbottom
scrolltoon
scrollto_fine_tune0px
loadmore_textLoad More
loadmore_text_loadingLoading...
enable_resultcountoff
resultcount_positionright
result_count_single_textShowing the single result
result_count_all_textShowing all %d results
result_count_pagination_textShowing %d-%d of %d results
has_mapoff
map_all_postsoff
map_all_posts_limit-1
map_infoview_layoutnone
map_infoview_layout_ajaxoff
hide_marker_labeloff
map_clusteron
map_center_first_poston
link_whole_girdon
link_whole_gird_externaloff
external_acfnone
content_section_layoutnone
grid_layoutgrid
columns1
columns_tablet1
columns_mobile1
custom_gutter_widthoff
grid_list_defaultlist
grid_list_positionleft
grid_list_cookie_time30
grid_view_icon||divi||400
list_view_icon||fa||900
icon_padding7px|7px|7px|7px
icon_margin0px|10px|0px|0px
enable_overlayon
show_featured_imageon
show_read_moreoff
read_more_textRead More
show_authoron
show_dateon
date_formatF j, Y
show_categorieson
show_contentoff
excerpt_length270
excerpt_more...
show_commentsoff
meta_separator|
content_visibilityhover
image_hover_animationnone
loop_template_content_alignmentcenter_center
loop_template_color_themelight
loop_template_same_heighton
image_min_height150px
image_max_height500px
pagination_item_background#fff
pagination_item_background_active#ebe9eb
_builder_version4.27.4
_module_presetdefault
grouping_tax_title_font_size14px
grouping_tax_title_letter_spacing0px
grouping_tax_title_line_height1em
title_font_size14px
title_letter_spacing0px
title_line_height1em
excerpt_font_size14px
excerpt_letter_spacing0px
excerpt_line_height1em
loop_template_meta_font_size14px
loop_template_meta_letter_spacing0px
loop_template_meta_line_height1em
loop_template_meta_a_font_size14px
loop_template_meta_a_letter_spacing0px
loop_template_meta_a_line_height1em
loop_template_a_font_size14px
loop_template_a_letter_spacing0px
loop_template_a_line_height1em
pagination_font_letter_spacing0px
active_pagination_letter_spacing0px
background_enable_coloron
use_background_color_gradientoff
background_color_gradient_repeatoff
background_color_gradient_typelinear
background_color_gradient_direction180deg
background_color_gradient_direction_radialcenter
background_color_gradient_stops#2b87da 0%|#29c4a9 100%
background_color_gradient_unit%
background_color_gradient_overlays_imageoff
background_color_gradient_start#2b87da
background_color_gradient_start_position0%
background_color_gradient_end#29c4a9
background_color_gradient_end_position100%
background_enable_imageon
parallaxoff
parallax_methodon
background_sizecover
background_image_widthauto
background_image_heightauto
background_positioncenter
background_horizontal_offset0
background_vertical_offset0
background_repeatno-repeat
background_blendnormal
background_enable_video_mp4on
background_enable_video_webmon
allow_player_pauseoff
background_video_pause_outside_viewporton
background_enable_pattern_styleoff
background_pattern_stylepolka-dots
background_pattern_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.2)
background_pattern_sizeinitial
background_pattern_widthauto
background_pattern_heightauto
background_pattern_repeat_origintop_left
background_pattern_horizontal_offset0
background_pattern_vertical_offset0
background_pattern_repeatrepeat
background_pattern_blend_modenormal
background_enable_mask_styleoff
background_mask_stylelayer-blob
background_mask_color#ffffff
background_mask_aspect_ratiolandscape
background_mask_sizestretch
background_mask_widthauto
background_mask_heightauto
background_mask_positioncenter
background_mask_horizontal_offset0
background_mask_vertical_offset0
background_mask_blend_modenormal
custom_buttonoff
button_text_size20
button_bg_use_color_gradientoff
button_bg_color_gradient_repeatoff
button_bg_color_gradient_typelinear
button_bg_color_gradient_direction180deg
button_bg_color_gradient_direction_radialcenter
button_bg_color_gradient_stops#2b87da 0%|#29c4a9 100%
button_bg_color_gradient_unit%
button_bg_color_gradient_overlays_imageoff
button_bg_color_gradient_start#2b87da
button_bg_color_gradient_start_position0%
button_bg_color_gradient_end#29c4a9
button_bg_color_gradient_end_position100%
button_bg_enable_imageon
button_bg_parallaxoff
button_bg_parallax_methodon
button_bg_sizecover
button_bg_image_widthauto
button_bg_image_heightauto
button_bg_positioncenter
button_bg_horizontal_offset0
button_bg_vertical_offset0
button_bg_repeatno-repeat
button_bg_blendnormal
button_bg_enable_video_mp4on
button_bg_enable_video_webmon
button_bg_allow_player_pauseoff
button_bg_video_pause_outside_viewporton
button_use_iconon
button_icon_placementright
button_on_hoveron
custom_loop_template_buttonoff
loop_template_button_text_size20
loop_template_button_bg_use_color_gradientoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_repeatoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_typelinear
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_direction180deg
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_direction_radialcenter
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_stops#2b87da 0%|#29c4a9 100%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_unit%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_overlays_imageoff
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_start#2b87da
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_start_position0%
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_end#29c4a9
loop_template_button_bg_color_gradient_end_position100%
loop_template_button_bg_enable_imageon
loop_template_button_bg_parallaxoff
loop_template_button_bg_parallax_methodon
loop_template_button_bg_sizecover
loop_template_button_bg_image_widthauto
loop_template_button_bg_image_heightauto
loop_template_button_bg_positioncenter
loop_template_button_bg_horizontal_offset0
loop_template_button_bg_vertical_offset0
loop_template_button_bg_repeatno-repeat
loop_template_button_bg_blendnormal
loop_template_button_bg_enable_video_mp4on
loop_template_button_bg_enable_video_webmon
loop_template_button_bg_allow_player_pauseoff
loop_template_button_bg_video_pause_outside_viewporton
loop_template_button_use_iconon
loop_template_button_icon_placementright
loop_template_button_on_hoveron
positioningnone
position_origin_atop_left
position_origin_ftop_left
position_origin_rtop_left
widthauto
max_widthnone
min_heightauto
heightauto
max_heightnone
filter_hue_rotate0deg
filter_saturate100%
filter_brightness100%
filter_contrast100%
filter_invert0%
filter_sepia0%
filter_opacity100%
filter_blur0px
mix_blend_modenormal
animation_stylenone
animation_directioncenter
animation_duration1000ms
animation_delay0ms
animation_intensity_slide50%
animation_intensity_zoom50%
animation_intensity_flip50%
animation_intensity_fold50%
animation_intensity_roll50%
animation_starting_opacity0%
animation_speed_curveease-in-out
animation_repeatonce
hover_transition_duration300ms
hover_transition_delay0ms
hover_transition_speed_curveease
link_option_url_new_windowoff
sticky_positionnone
sticky_offset_top0px
sticky_offset_bottom0px
sticky_limit_topnone
sticky_limit_bottomnone
sticky_offset_surroundingon
sticky_transitionon
motion_trigger_startmiddle
hover_enabled0
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_stylenone
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
grouping_tax_title_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
title_text_shadow_stylenone
title_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
title_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
title_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
title_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
excerpt_text_shadow_stylenone
excerpt_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
excerpt_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
excerpt_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
excerpt_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_meta_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_meta_a_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_a_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_a_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_a_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
pagination_font_text_shadow_stylenone
pagination_font_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
pagination_font_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
active_pagination_text_shadow_stylenone
active_pagination_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
active_pagination_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
button_text_shadow_stylenone
button_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
button_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
button_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
button_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
loop_template_button_text_shadow_stylenone
loop_template_button_text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_vertical_length0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_blur_strength0em
loop_template_button_text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
box_shadow_stylenone
box_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_positionouter
box_shadow_style_productnone
box_shadow_color_productrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_productouter
box_shadow_style_grid_list_view_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_grid_list_view_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_grid_list_view_buttonouter
box_shadow_style_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_buttonouter
box_shadow_style_loop_template_buttonnone
box_shadow_color_loop_template_buttonrgba(0,0,0,0.3)
box_shadow_position_loop_template_buttonouter
text_shadow_stylenone
text_shadow_horizontal_length0em
text_shadow_vertical_length0em
text_shadow_blur_strength0em
text_shadow_colorrgba(0,0,0,0.4)
disabledoff
lockedoff
global_colors_info{}
0.24672317504883 seconds